What Musical Style Did Gershwin Seek To Expand Into The Cultivated Sphere?

F. Scott Fitzgerald once famously described George Gershwin as “the most American composer of his generation.” His music bridged the gap between popular and classical genres, making him one of the most influential figures in 20th-century American music. However, it was his efforts to reach out to more sophisticated audiences that truly set him apart. In this article, we will explore how Gershwin sought to expand his music beyond its initial popularity with the masses.

From Tin Pan Alley to Broadway

Gershwin’s early work on Broadway shows like “The New Moon” (1917) and “Porgy and Bess” (1935) marked a significant shift towards more refined compositions. These productions required greater skill and sophistication from both performers and composers, pushing Gershwin to refine his technique and incorporate elements from classical music into his works. By doing so, he demonstrated that popular music could be elevated to a higher artistic level.

Classical Influences and Innovations

One of the key ways Gershwin expanded into the cultivated sphere was through his incorporation of classical influences into his melodies and harmonies. He drew inspiration from composers such as Johann Sebastian Bach, Franz Schubert, and Richard Wagner, blending these styles seamlessly into his own unique voice. This fusion allowed him to create complex structures and emotional depth in his songs, appealing not just to the masses but also to those who appreciated highbrow music.

Improvisation and Rhythm Changes

Another aspect of Gershwin’s approach was his use of improvisation and rhythm changes. While jazz is often associated with spontaneity, Gershwin understood the importance of structure and form in creating compelling music. He would experiment with different chord progressions and melodic patterns, allowing for both spontaneous creativity and deliberate composition. This combination of improvisational flair and structured writing helped him capture the essence of jazz while elevating it to a more refined art form.

Collaborations and Adaptations

Collaborating with other artists was another strategy Gershwin used to expand his audience. He worked closely with lyricists like Ira Gershwin, Ethel Merman, and Jerome Kern, ensuring that each song told a complete story. Additionally, adapting existing operas and ballets into new musical forms allowed him to reach wider audiences. For example, he transformed Tchaikovsky’s “Swan Lake” into an orchestral suite, which became immensely popular among classical music enthusiasts.

Social Commentary and Cultural Fusion

Beyond purely musical considerations, Gershwin’s social commentary and cultural fusion were essential components of his expansion into the cultivated sphere. Through his lyrics and thematic content, he tackled issues relevant to his time—race relations, immigration, and the complexities of urban life. By weaving these themes into his music, he made his works resonate deeply with listeners, transcending mere entertainment to become part of a broader cultural conversation.

Conclusion

George Gershwin’s journey into the cultivated sphere was a testament to his versatility and dedication. By embracing classical influences, incorporating improvisation, collaborating with diverse talents, and addressing pressing social issues, he managed to bridge the gap between popular and refined music. His legacy continues to inspire musicians today, reminding us that true innovation often lies at the intersection of tradition and experimentation. As Fitzgerald himself observed, Gershwin’s music was uniquely American, reflecting the melting pot of cultures that defined 20th-century America.